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The head is affixed to a hoop (also called a flesh hoop), which in turn is held onto the bowl by a counter hoop. In the Sachs–Hornbostel classification, this makes timpani membranophones. The basic timpano consists of a drum head stretched across the opening of a bowl typically made of copper or, in less expensive models, fiberglass or aluminum. The reference comparing the tympanum to half a pearl is borrowed from Pliny the Elder. Like the symphonia, it is struck with a drumstick. The tympanum is so named because it is a half, whence also the half-pearl is called a tympanum. another type of drum) and it looks like a sieve.
#German grip drum stick technique skin#
The tympanum is a skin or hide stretched over one end of a wooden frame. Tympanum autem dictum quod medium est, unde et margaritum medium tympanum dicitur et ipsud ut symphonia ad virgulam percutitur. Est enim pars media symphoniae in similitudinem cribri. Tympanum est pellis vel corium ligno ex una parte extentum. The tympanum is mentioned, along with a faux name origin, in the Etymologiae of St. The German word for timpani is Pauken the Swedish word is pukor in plural (from the word puka), the French and Spanish is timbales, not to be confused with the latin percussion instrument, which would actually supersede the timpani in the traditional Cuban ensemble known as Charanga. Although the word timpani has been widely adopted in the English language, some English speakers choose to use the word kettledrums. Alternative spellings with y in place of either or both i's- tympani, tympany, or timpany-are occasionally encountered in older English texts. tumpana), 'a hand drum', which in turn derives from the verb τύπτω ( tuptō), meaning 'to strike, to hit'. tympana), which is the latinisation of the Greek word τύμπανον ( tumpanon, pl. A musician who plays timpani is a timpanist.Įtymology and alternative spellings įirst attested in English in the late 19th century, the Italian word timpani derives from the Latin tympanum (pl. They are also often incorrectly termed timpanis. However, in English the term timpano is only widely in use by practitioners: several are more typically referred to collectively as kettledrums, timpani, temple drums, or timps. Timpani is an Italian plural, the singular of which is timpano. Today, they are used in many types of ensembles, including concert bands, marching bands, orchestras, and even in some rock bands. Timpani evolved from military drums to become a staple of the classical orchestra by the last third of the 18th century. They are played by striking the head with a specialized drum stick called a timpani stick or timpani mallet.
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Most modern timpani are pedal timpani and can be tuned quickly and accurately to specific pitches by skilled players through the use of a movable foot-pedal.
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Thus timpani are an example of kettle drums, also known as vessel drums and semispherical drums, whose body is similar to a section of a sphere whose cut conforms the head. A type of drum categorised as a hemispherical drum, they consist of a membrane called a head stretched over a large bowl traditionally made of copper. Timpani ( / ˈ t ɪ m p ə n i/ Italian pronunciation: ) or kettledrums (also informally called timps) are musical instruments in the percussion family.